Role of agricultural production in food availability and consumption
1 Write about the role of agricultural production in consumption & availability?
- Food production is the base for food security. The internationally accepted definition of food security is that given by FAO in the Rome declaration on world food security 1996, further refined in FAO state of food insecurity in the World, 2001.
- Swaminathan (1996) has stressed the need for shifting the concept of nutrition security which he has defined as physical, economic & social access to balanced diet, clean drinking water, environmental hygiene, primary health care & nutritional literacy.
- Govt. of India in1950, provided data on time trends & interstate differences in food consumption & availability patterns.
- There has been a decline in proportion of expenditure on food items in last three decades in both urban & rural areas.
- India currently produces about 230 million tones of cereals to meet the needs of population of 1.15 billion.
2Q) Define food consumption?
It refers to the amount of food available for human consumption as estimated by the FAO food balance sheets.
3Q) Write/ list down about the data provided by NSSO?
- Consumption expenditure on food & non food items.
- Average quantity consumption per month.
- Total calorie intake.
- Food security at household level.
- Per capita consumption of protein, calorie & fat per day.
4Q) Write about the current situation of food production?
Includes cultivated food crops, poultry, livestock & fishery production.
- India occupies first position in the production of milk.
- India ranks first in respect of cattle & buffaloes
- Second position in inland fishery throughout world.
- Second in goat.
- Globally, India is the third largest producer of cereals with only China & USA ahead of it.
- Third position in sheep.
- Seventh in poultry production.
- 90 million people work in livestock sector.
- Dairy industry provides employment for 18 million people.
- Between 1950-51 production of rice, wheat, coarse cereals & pulses.
5Q) Write about the contribution to WPI food infection over past 5 years?
Fruits and vegetables - 26%
Eggs, meat, fish - 18%
Milk - 15%
Cereals and pulses - 14%
Sugar - 10%
Other products - 3%
Oil - 3%
Flour - 2%
Tea/coffee - 2%
other - 7%
6Q) List the 5 states where the consumption of milk and pulses are high?
Gujarat, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan
7Q) Write about meat and poultry consumption in present Indian content?
- It is estimated more than 7% of the total output is exported - India is largest exporter of beef in the world. - The numbers slaughtered in 2011 were 6.9 million which is risen to about 1.5 million. - The consumption of meat, poultry and fish is more in urban India than rural India. - Per-capita egg consumption in rural India- about 1 egg per month in 2004- 2005 has increased to 60%.
8Q) Write about over all per-capita food consumption and availability of rice, wheat, pulse, milk.
9Q) Write about the contribution of developing countries regarding production of cereals in current scenario?
11 developing countries namely China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Egypt, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Srilanka, Pakistan which together contribute 40% of world cereal output accounted for only a 15.6% increase in the cereal output over 13 period.
10Q) Write about dietary intake changes in rural and urban India according to NSSO?
NSSO dietary survey over the past 30days show that the total energy intake in rural, urban India is 2047 k.cal and 2020 k.cal respectively and fat intake is much higher (48g) both urban and rural (36g)
1. Consumption expenditure – It consists of expenditure incurred by resident house holds on individual consumption goods and services.
